Finland sovereign AI programme

LUMI had one system of 11,912 accelerators in operation.

LUMI, 2022–2027; the record also covers LUMI-AI (EuroHPC AI Factory)

Finland

Accelerators11,912 operating

A full bar is 300,000 accelerators.

Systems

One hardware record.

The programme’s systems

In operation	CSC	11,912	MI250X	LUMI

Funding

Paid out

Sep 2026: 21 of 48 months

Finland: 50.0% of the budget paid out, a sum of figures printed in parts, Sep 2026: 21 of 48 months

50.0% paid out6 points above an even pace

€125 million of €250 million

€125 million paid out by September 2026, 21 months after the 2025 budget year began, of Finland’s €250 million national share for LUMI-AI over 2025–2028.

Sovereign AI Funding

Chips and rules

Accelerators: AMD’s accelerators are in its one system.Chip makers’ product pages
US export rules: Finland is in Country Group A:5, outside the groups where exporting advanced AI chips needs a licence from the US Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS).Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, 29 Oct 2026
Scrutica’s rating: Scrutica rates the programme’s dependence on NVIDIA hardware low, and on US technology medium, on a scale of none, low, medium and high.A qualitative assessment of the programme’s chips, partners and supplier relationships, as none, low, medium or high

Sites

Sites on record in the programme’s country, or owned by its own body. A site’s count is its whole machine; a system above can be an addition to it.

Sites on record
				Owner
LUMI (EuroHPC)	Kajaani, Finland	Operational	11,912	EuroHPC JU

Partners

7 partners by procurement stage and 4 more named in the programme’s sources.

Awarded, 1: CSC – IT Center for Science
Selected, 6: IT4Innovations National Supercomputing Center, Danish e-Infrastructure Consortium (DeiC), University of Tartu, Sigma2 AS, Academic Computer Center CYFRONET AGH, Aalto University
Named in sources: CSC, EuroHPC JU, SRV, Finnish Government

Government spending

Paid against the budget, as the government reports it

€125 million paid out by September 2026, 21 months after the 2025 budget year began, of Finland’s €250 million national share for LUMI-AI over 2025–2028. The State Treasury's budget-accounting data show both LUMI-AI appropriations Parliament has granted (EUR 50 million for 2025, EUR 75 million for 2026) paid out in full, as capital transfers abroad in October 2025 and May 2026, against a EUR 250 million national share for 2025–2028.

LUMI-AI national financing share: Ministry of Education and Culture budget item 29.40.20 (common expenditure of higher education and science), point 4, budget-accounting account 29.40.20.3

A part of the programme. Finland's own share of LUMI-AI, the AI-optimised successor to LUMI hosted by CSC in Kajaani: the annual earmarks run under the same purpose (2025 'procurement and use of the supercomputer replacing EuroHPC LUMI', 2026 'LUMI-AI supercomputer', 2027 proposal 'LUMI AI Factory construction and use'). EuroHPC's 50 % of the system is in the EuroHPC row; the other consortium members (Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Norway, Poland) pay their own shares. The original LUMI's national share is the second line. The EUR 250 million is the multi-year envelope the government provisioned and Parliament's Finance Committee restated (VaVM 25/2024 vp; VaVM 29/2025 vp: 'Vuosina 2025—2028 Suomen rahoitusosuus on yhteensä 250 milj. euroa'); Parliament appropriates it year by year.

Approved by the government: Finland’s €250 million national share for LUMI-AI over 2025–2028, January 2025 to December 2028. Printed as “250 milj. euron”. About $263M at the reference rate of 11 Dec 2024. Valtio on varautunut EuroHPC LUMI:n korvaamiseen uudella supertietokoneella. Tähän tarkoitukseen osoitetaan 50 milj. euroa vuonna 2025. Kaikkiaan on varauduttu yhteensä 250 milj. euron rahoitukseen vuosina 2025—2028. (The state has provided for replacing EuroHPC LUMI with a new supercomputer. EUR 50 million is allocated to this purpose in 2025. In all, funding of EUR 250 million has been provided for over 2025–2028.) Eduskunta (Finance Committee); compiled by Valtiovarainministeriö, Valtiovarainvaliokunnan mietintö VaVM 25/2024 vp (11.12.2024) on item 29.40.20, as reproduced in the Ministry of Finance's consolidated 2025 budget (Yhdistelmä ajantasaisesta talousarviosta, 14.11.2025), Item 29.40.20, section 'Valtiovarainvaliokunnan mietintö VaVM 25/2024 vp (11.12.2024)', first paragraph, 11 Dec 2024

Paid out: €125 million by 30 Sep 2026. Not printed as one figure. Sum of the two net accumulations the State Treasury's budget-accounting data record on account 29.40.20.3: 50 000 000.00 in October 2025 and 75 000 000.00 in May 2026, both on business account 82851000 (capital transfer expenditure abroad, EU member states). The dataset runs through September 2026 and records no other postings on the account. The recipient is not named in the data; a transfer to the EuroHPC JU would count as a payment too, since the money has left the Finnish state either way. 21 of the budget’s 48 months had passed. About $142M at the reference rate of 30 Sep 2026. "2026",5,"29",…"600","Opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriö",…"29.40.20.3.","EuroHPC LUMI:n korvaavan supertietokoneen hankinta ja käyttö (EK)",,"8",…"828","Siirtotalouden kulut ulkomaille","82851000","Muut siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,75000000.00,0.00,75000000.00,75000000.00 (2026, month 5, Ministry of Education and Culture, account 29.40.20.3 'procurement and use of the supercomputer replacing EuroHPC LUMI', transfer expenditure abroad, 'other capital transfer expenditure, EU member states': net accumulation 75,000,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat (central government budget-accounting transactions), item 29.40.20, 2025–2026, CSV file lines 175 (Vuosi 2025, Kk 10) and 395 (Vuosi 2026, Kk 5): TakpT 29.40.20.3., column Nettokertymä, 30 Sep 2026

Paid out: €50 million, 31 Oct 2025. Printed as “50000000.00”. October 2025 posting on account 29.40.20.3 by the Ministry of Education and Culture (accounting unit 600), business account 82851000 'Muut siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot'. The whole 2025 appropriation. Operand of the primary paid figure. "2025",10,"29",…"29.40.20.3.","EuroHPC LUMI:n korvaavan supertietokoneen hankinta ja käyttö (EK)",,"8",…"828","Siirtotalouden kulut ulkomaille","82851000","Muut siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,50000000.00,0.00,50000000.00,50000000.00 (2025, month 10, account 29.40.20.3, transfer expenditure abroad: net accumulation 50,000,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat (central government budget-accounting transactions), item 29.40.20, 2025–2026, CSV file line 175: Vuosi 2025, Kk 10, TakpT 29.40.20.3., LkpT 82851000, column Nettokertymä, 30 Sep 2026

Paid out: €75 million, 31 May 2026. Printed as “75000000.00”. May 2026 posting on account 29.40.20.3 by the Ministry of Education and Culture, same business account. The whole 2026 appropriation. Operand of the primary paid figure. "2026",5,"29",…"29.40.20.3.","EuroHPC LUMI:n korvaavan supertietokoneen hankinta ja käyttö (EK)",,"8",…"82851000","Muut siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,75000000.00,0.00,75000000.00,75000000.00 (2026, month 5, account 29.40.20.3, transfer expenditure abroad: net accumulation 75,000,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat (central government budget-accounting transactions), item 29.40.20, 2025–2026, CSV file line 395: Vuosi 2026, Kk 5, TakpT 29.40.20.3., LkpT 82851000, column Nettokertymä, 30 Sep 2026

Annual appropriation: €50 million, 20 Dec 2024. Printed as “50 000 000 euroa”. Parliament's 2025 grant, point 4 of item 29.40.20 (three-year transferable appropriation). 4) 50 000 000 euroa EuroHPC LUMI:n korvaavan supertietokoneen hankinnasta ja käytöstä aiheutuviin menoihin (4) EUR 50,000,000 for expenditure arising from the procurement and use of the supercomputer replacing EuroHPC LUMI) Eduskunta; compiled by Valtiovarainministeriö, Eduskunnan kirjelmä EK 34/2024 vp (20.12.2024) on item 29.40.20, as reproduced in the Ministry of Finance's consolidated 2025 budget, Item 29.40.20, section 'Eduskunnan kirjelmä EK 34/2024 vp (20.12.2024)', point 4, 20 Dec 2024

Annual appropriation: €75 million, 19 Dec 2025. Printed as “75 000 000 euroa”. Parliament's 2026 grant, point 4 of item 29.40.20. The third supplementary budget proposal for 2026 (8.10.2026) does not change it. 4) 75 000 000 euroa LUMI-AI-supertietokoneen hankinnasta ja käytöstä aiheutuviin menoihin (4) EUR 75,000,000 for expenditure arising from the procurement and use of the LUMI-AI supercomputer) Eduskunta; compiled by Valtiovarainministeriö, Eduskunnan kirjelmä EK 40/2025 vp (19.12.2025) on item 29.40.20, as reproduced in the Ministry of Finance's consolidated 2026 budget (23.6.2026), Item 29.40.20, section 'Eduskunnan kirjelmä EK 40/2025 vp (19.12.2025)', point 4, 19 Dec 2025

Budget estimate: €75 million, 21 Sep 2026. Printed as “75 000 000 euroa”. The government's 2027 budget proposal, point 4 of item 29.40.20 (now 'LUMI AI Factory construction and use: expenditure and grants'). Not yet enacted. 4) 75 000 000 euroa LUMI-tekoälytehtaan rakentamisesta ja käytöstä aiheutuviin menoihin ja avustuksiin (4) EUR 75,000,000 for expenditure and grants arising from the construction and use of the LUMI AI Factory) Valtioneuvosto / Valtiovarainministeriö, Hallituksen esitys eduskunnalle valtion talousarvioksi vuodelle 2027 (21.9.2026), item 29.40.20, Item 29.40.20, decision part, point 4; table 'Määrärahan arvioitu käyttö', 21 Sep 2026

Announced: €612 million, 10 Sep 2025. Printed as “yli 612 milj. euroa”. The whole LUMI AI Factory budget (all funders: EU, Finland and the other consortium members; supercomputer, service centre and the LUMI-IQ quantum platform) as presented by CSC to the ministry's research-digitalisation monitoring group; 'more than' EUR 612 million, of which the EU share EUR 306.4 million. Context for why Finland's EUR 250 million exceeds a half-share of the EUR 387.8 million supercomputer contract. Kokonaisbudjetti on yli 612 milj. euroa, josta EU:n osuus on 306,4 milj. euroa. (The total budget is more than EUR 612 million, of which the EU share is EUR 306.4 million.) Opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriö, Muistio VN/36166/2023: DL2026-seurantaryhmän kokous 10.9.2025, Item 3 'Tilannekatsaus LUMI-AI-supertietokoneen hankintaan ja toiminnan käynnistämiseen', page 1, 15 Sep 2025

National financing share of the EuroHPC supercomputer (LUMI) procurement: Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment items 32.20.43 (2020–2021) and 32.20.40 (2022), sub-account 'Suurteholaskennan EuroHPC supertietokone (KPY)'

A part of the programme. The 2020 budget let the ministry use item 32.20.43, a general business R&D item, for 'the national financing share of the procurement of the European high-performance computing EuroHPC supercomputer' (point 8, added by HE 89/2019 vp; VaVM 20/2019 vp names CSC's Kajaani data centre), without fixing an amount. The ministry's own sub-account allocations (KPY) carry the amounts. Whether these are the whole of Finland's share of the original LUMI is unverified; CSC's data-centre and operating funding are not in this line.

Paid out: €19.5 million by 31 Dec 2022. Not printed as one figure. Sum of the net accumulations on the sub-account: 11 500 000.00 (July 2020), 6 000 000.00 (June 2021), 2 045 000.00 (November 2022), each booked to 82830000 'Siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot' (capital transfers abroad). No postings were found for 2019 (32.20.43) or 2023 (32.20.40 and 32.20.43). About $21M at the reference rate of 30 Dec 2022. "2020",7,"32",…"32.20.43.2.","Suurteholaskennan EuroHPC supertietokone (KPY)","Määrärahatilit","8",…"828","Siirtotalouden kulut ulkomaille","82830000","Siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,11500000.00,0.00,11500000.00,11500000.00 (2020, month 7, sub-account 32.20.43.2 'EuroHPC high-performance computing supercomputer', transfer expenditure abroad: net accumulation 11,500,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat (central government budget-accounting transactions), items 32.20.43 (2020, 2021) and 32.20.40 (2022), Sub-account 32.20.43.2. (2020 Kk 7; 2021 Kk 6) and 32.20.40.2. (2022 Kk 11), column Nettokertymä, 30 Sep 2026

Paid out: €11.5 million, 31 Jul 2020. Printed as “11500000.00”. July 2020 posting, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment (accounting unit 540); the sub-account's 2020 allocation was also 11,500,000.00. "2020",7,"32",…"32.20.43.2.","Suurteholaskennan EuroHPC supertietokone (KPY)",…"82830000","Siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,11500000.00,0.00,11500000.00,11500000.00 (2020, month 7, sub-account 32.20.43.2, capital transfers abroad: net accumulation 11,500,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat, item 32.20.43, 2020, CSV file line 26: Vuosi 2020, Kk 7, TakpT 32.20.43.2., column Nettokertymä (allocation in row 12), 30 Sep 2026

Paid out: €6 million, 30 Jun 2021. Printed as “6000000.00”. June 2021 posting; the sub-account's 2021 allocation was 6,000,000.00. "2021",6,"32",…"32.20.43.2.","Suurteholaskennan EuroHPC supertietokone (KPY)",…"82830000","Siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,6000000.00,0.00,6000000.00,6000000.00 (2021, month 6, sub-account 32.20.43.2, capital transfers abroad: net accumulation 6,000,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat, item 32.20.43, 2021, CSV file line 13: Vuosi 2021, Kk 6, TakpT 32.20.43.2., column Nettokertymä (allocation in row 5), 30 Sep 2026

Paid out: €2.04 million, 30 Nov 2022. Printed as “2045000.00”. November 2022 posting on item 32.20.40; the sub-account's 2022 allocation was 2,695,000.00, reduced by 650,000.00 in November. "2022",11,"32",…"32.20.40.2.","Suurteholaskennan EuroHPC supertietokone (KPY)",,"8",…"82830000","Siirtotalouden kulut pääomatalous, EU jäsenvaltiot",0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,2045000.00,0.00,2045000.00,2045000.00 (2022, month 11, sub-account 32.20.40.2, capital transfers abroad: net accumulation 2,045,000.00.) Valtiokonttori (State Treasury), open data behind tutkihallintoa.fi, Budjettitalouden tapahtumat, item 32.20.40, 2022, CSV file line 108: Vuosi 2022, Kk 11, TakpT 32.20.40.2., column Nettokertymä (allocation rows 23 and 119), 30 Sep 2026

Searched, 4 places

Ministry of Finance budget portal (budjetti.vm.fi): Consolidated budgets (Yhdistelmä ajantasaisesta talousarviosta) 2020 item 32.20.43, 2025 and 2026 item 29.40.20 (with HE, VaVM and EK texts); 2026 third supplementary budget proposal (8.10.2026) item 29.40.20; 2027 budget proposal (21.9.2026) item 29.40.20. LUMI-AI earmarks: EUR 50 000 000 (2025), 75 000 000 (2026), 75 000 000 proposed (2027); Finance Committee: EUR 250 million for 2025–2028; 2020: purpose added to TEM item 32.20.43 without an amount; no LUMI change in the 2026 third supplementary budget. Ministry of Finance budget portal (budjetti.vm.fi), 2 Nov 2026

Valtiokonttori open API (budget-accounting transactions behind tutkihallintoa.fi): Item 29.40.20 for each year 2019–2026; item 32.20.43 for 2019–2023; item 32.20.40 for 2022–2023; the budget-accounting chart of accounts (talousarviokirjanpitotilit), searched for LUMI, supertietokone, EuroHPC and suurteholaskenta. Account 29.40.20.3 (LUMI-AI): 50 000 000.00 paid October 2025, 75 000 000.00 paid May 2026, both capital transfers abroad, nothing else through September 2026. TEM sub-account 'Suurteholaskennan EuroHPC supertietokone (KPY)': 11 500 000.00 (2020), 6 000 000.00 (2021), 2 045 000.00 (2022), all transfers abroad. No LUMI account under 29.40.20 in 2019–2024. Valtiokonttori open API (budget-accounting transactions behind tutkihallintoa.fi), 2 Nov 2026

EuroHPC JU and Finnish ministry records on LUMI-AI: EuroHPC release of 31 August 2026 (LUMI-AI contract); OKM memo VN/36166/2023 of 15 September 2025 (hankeikkuna.fi); EuroHPC JU 2025 final accounts and CAAR 2025 (searched for Finland, CSC, LUMI-AI). Contract budget EUR 387 800 000, half EuroHPC (DEP), half the LUMI AIF consortium; factory budget 'more than EUR 612 million', EU share 306.4 million; no Finnish payment named in the JU's accounts; CAAR: participating states' 2025 procurement contributions were collected from hosting entities. EuroHPC JU and Finnish ministry records on LUMI-AI, 2 Nov 2026

Government and parliament websites (could not open): Government release of December 2024 on the EUR 250 million LUMI-AI ceiling; eduskunta.fi PDFs of VaVM 25/2024 vp and VaVM 29/2025 vp. valtioneuvosto.fi returned a Cloudflare challenge; eduskunta.fi returned 403/404. Committee texts were read as reproduced on budjetti.vm.fi. Government and parliament websites (could not open), 2 Nov 2026

Still open

The State Treasury data book both LUMI-AI payments (October 2025, May 2026) as capital transfers abroad to EU member states without naming the recipient. Either way the money has left the Finnish state, so it counts as paid; the ministry’s 2025 final accounts (Netra) or CSC’s 2025 financial statements may name it (the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking, which procures LUMI-AI, is the candidate): not opened.

Is the TEM sub-account (EUR 19 545 000 paid 2020–2022) the whole of Finland's share of the original LUMI acquisition, or did other items (CSC's data centre, operations, regional funds) carry more: unverified.

The EUR 250 million ceiling is read from Parliament's Finance Committee reports; the government's own December 2024 release could not be opened.

Open Sovereign AI funding

Sources

14 sources

Source	Date
LUMI supercomputer (CSC official)	7 Apr 2026
LUMI-AI successor announcement	7 Apr 2026
LUMI budget EUR 144.5M (EuroHPC JU)	8 Apr 2026
LUMI-AI hosting selection and participating countries, December 2024	28 Mar 2026
CSC official media release	28 Mar 2026
Finnish Government announcement	28 Mar 2026
LUMI front page, TOP500 ranking data	28 Mar 2026
EuroHPC selected 4 Antennas to the LUMI AI Factory (announced October 2025), extending access to LUMI-AI resources across partner countries.
LUMI operator documentation: physical MI250X modules and software-visible compute dies	8 Sep 2026
LUMI architecture specification, updated autumn 2023	8 Sep 2026
LUMI-AI procurement award and deployment target, 31 August 2026	8 Sep 2026
Sigma2: Norway’s LUMI-AI hardware contribution, December 2024	8 Sep 2026
Finnish government: national LUMI-AI funding ceiling of €250M, December 2024	8 Sep 2026
Data center construction agreement	28 Mar 2026

LUMI supercomputer (CSC official): https://csc.fi/en/our-expertise/high-performance-computing/lumi-supercomputer/
LUMI-AI successor announcement: https://csc.fi/en/media-release/lumis-capacity-in-high-demand-to-be-succeeded-by-an-ai-optimized-supercomputer/
LUMI budget EUR 144.5M (EuroHPC JU): https://www.eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/lumi-new-eurohpc-world-class-supercomputer-finland-2020-10-21_en
LUMI-AI hosting selection and participating countries, December 2024: https://lumi-supercomputer.eu/successor-for-lumi-announced/
CSC official media release: https://csc.fi/en/media-release/new-pan-european-supercomputer-and-eu-ai-factory-in-finland/
Finnish Government announcement: https://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/-/1410845/new-supercomputer-to-be-located-in-kajaani-finland-gains-stronger-role-in-ai-research
LUMI front page, TOP500 ranking data: https://lumi-supercomputer.eu/
EuroHPC selected 4 Antennas to the LUMI AI Factory (announced October 2025), extending access to LUMI-AI resources across partner countries.: https://lumi-ai-factory.eu/articles/eurohpc-ju-ai-factory-antennas/
LUMI operator documentation: physical MI250X modules and software-visible compute dies: https://docs.lumi-supercomputer.eu/hardware/lumig/
LUMI architecture specification, updated autumn 2023: https://lumi-supercomputer.eu/lumis-full-system-architecture-revealed/
LUMI-AI procurement award and deployment target, 31 August 2026: https://lumi-supercomputer.eu/bull-to-deliver-lumi-ai-supercomputer/
Sigma2: Norway’s LUMI-AI hardware contribution, December 2024: https://www.sigma2.no/nb/node/317
Finnish government: national LUMI-AI funding ceiling of €250M, December 2024: https://valtioneuvosto.fi/-/1410845/kajaaniin-sijoitetaan-uusi-supertietokone-suomen-asema-tekoalytutkimuksessa-vahvistuu
Data center construction agreement: https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/srv-and-csc-sign-agreement-for-development-phase-of-lumi-ai-factory/

Data

This programme

Evidence trail (RSS)

Derivation chain (JSON)

All programmes

CSV

JSON with provenance

How the figures were made

Operating compute / delivered hardware. Reported operational or delivered: 11,912 AMD Instinct MI250X (physical hardware). The stage is assigned from reported hardware status, disbursements and commitments.

LUMI’s GPU partition has 2,978 nodes with four AMD MI250X modules each, or 11,912 modules. Its measured Linpack performance is 379.7 PFlop/s. The LUMI AI Factory began services on this existing system while its successor was procured. EuroHPC signed the LUMI-AI supply contract with Bull in August 2026; deployment is scheduled for the second half of 2027. CSC hosts the systems in Kajaani for a multinational consortium.

Caveats on this record, 4

The GPU count follows LUMI’s operator documentation and the architecture specification updated in autumn 2023. Each MI250X module contains two compute dies, which Slurm exposes separately; the count here is physical modules.
LUMI’s original procurement had a €144.5M budget in 2020, shared equally by EuroHPC and the ten-country LUMI consortium.
Finland pledged up to €250M for LUMI-AI in December 2024.
The installed GPU count covers the existing LUMI-G partition. LUMI-AI has a signed procurement contract and a 2027 deployment target.

Identifiers

Scrutica ID: sovereign-fi
Country code: FI
Name in the record: Finland: LUMI + LUMI-AI (EuroHPC AI Factory)