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# Colossus 1

Facility record `fac-epoch-xai-colossus-1` — data source: epoch-ai (https://epoch.ai/data/data-centers); authority tier 2; contains estimated values (is_estimated: true)

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Type | ai training |
| Status | operational |
| Location | Memphis, Tennessee, US (35.059722, -90.156389) |
| Power capacity | 340 MW |
| IT load | not published |
| GPU count | not published |
| Peak PFLOPS (FP16) | not published |
| Owner | xAI |
| Operator | xAI |
| Announced | not published |
| Operational | not published |

xAI Colossus 1 was converted from a factory into a data center in 2024. It is unusual among large scale AI data centers in the mixture of different types of cooling and power infrastructure.

Initially, Colossus 1 was powered by portable gas turbines and a small pre-existing substation. This infrastructure has since been joined by two additional substations providing power from the local grid, with batteries providing backup power. Cooling for the building is accomplished with both air-cooled ch

## Data-quality flags

- source_url_contains_claim_verified

## Cite

> Scrutica, "Colossus 1" (facility record), https://scrutica.com/facilities/fac-epoch-xai-colossus-1; data source: epoch-ai; accessed 2026-07-27.

Full interactive record: https://scrutica.com/facilities/fac-epoch-xai-colossus-1 · Methodology for derived values: https://scrutica.com/methodology#flop-estimation · All programmatic surfaces: https://scrutica.com/agents